Competitiveness: What Renewal for Europe?

Slowing productivity, technological dependence, an aging population, and fragmentation of the internal market have weakened the European Union’s trade position. Moreover, in a tense international context, it must undergo a profound transformation driven by the ecological transition and the digital revolution. In this context, it is imperative to rethink the foundations of European competitiveness. This renewal relies on several levers: investment in innovation and future technologies, reshoring of critical industries, strengthening skills, and better integration of the single market. The ecological transition can also become a performance driver, provided it is seen as a lever for innovation rather than a constraint. This discussion aims at identifying the conditions for a more resilient, sustainable, and sovereign European model. It will be necessary to reconcile economic demands, strategic autonomy, and social justice by redefining competitiveness to meet the challenges of the century.