What choices for society?

For decades, the world was divided between a “communist” vision on the one hand and a “capitalist” one on the other. The choices seemed clear, but this form of opposition disappeared when the Berlin Wall fell. In reality, multiple forms of capitalism, in the primary sense of societies driven by the profitability of capital employed, have imposed themselves. The world has been plagued by economic and financial crises, uncontrolled globalisation and the unrestrained expansion of finance. There was a feeling that no other choice was possible and that our forms of global organisation were the ultimate solution. We are now faced with many aspirations, such as building a world that respects the environment, rebuilding a multilateralism that respects sovereignty, combating inequalities of wealth and income, financing the development of areas with very high demographics and still insufficient resources, and controlling the intrusive technologies developed by GAFAMs. We will therefore ask ourselves what human rationality can be in a troubled world, how to rebuild solidarity at the global level and we will try to rank the shocks to which our societies are subjected.